… cluster firms dependent on them for finance. This is particularly pronounced in biotechnology
where large pharmaceutical or ‘big pharma… big pharma is particularly dependent on cluster …

… Clusters depend upon trans-local ties with Big Pharma for later-stage development and …
corporations (‘Big Biotech’) and attract observatories from Big Pharma. Melbourne-based CSL, …

… of large pharmaceuticals companies (‘big pharma’) to … from biotechnology, compared to
the rapid rise in that precise capability on the part of clusters of small, dedicated biotechnology …

… Evotec Biosystems (Novartis of Switzerland and SmithKline Beecham of the UK) have also
become involved in partnerships with foreign big pharma. Thus we see that entrepreneurial …

… Support from venture capital and deals with big pharma are especially problematic. ‘The
tyranny of distance’ is exacerbated by cultural dynamics, favouring ties with the US and UK …

… of some strategies being pursued by ‘big pharma’ to re-position themselves in the face of the
apparent crisis of biotechnology's ‘linear model’ of drug and other … Clusters and clustering …

… clusters irresistible as locations even for ‘big pharma’ due to localised knowledge spillover
opportunities. Thus while biotechnology … financing of DBFs from big pharma on the one hand, …

… pharmaceutical biotechnology cluster … big pharmaceutical companies, the intensity of
cooperation is growing, showing that from the perspective of traditional pharmaceutical companies …

… This kind of risk/reward and Intellectual Property sharing model aims to discover and develop
innovative medicines to meet global market needs with Big Pharma quality, biotech speed …

… (Pharmacia-Upjohn, Swedish/US) and Evotec Biosystems (Novartis of Switzerland and Glaxo
SmithKline of the UK) have also become involved in partnerships with foreign big pharma. …