… This review of androgen indifferent variants of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer
(mCRPC) summarizes our current understanding of the clinical, morphologic, and molecular …

CONTEXT: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is increasingly used for the treatment of
prostate cancer (PCa), even in clinical settings in which there is no evidence-based proof of …

… concentrations above the saturation point (androgen indifferent). Current evidence suggests
… the relationship of androgens and PCa, with important clinical implications. The key …

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading diagnosed malignancy in men in … androgens and the
androgen receptor (AR) has been studied extensively in PCa. Plasma levels of androgens …

… Herein, we will review the accumulating evidence pertaining to AR variant characterization,
biologic properties, emergence in the clinic, and the clinical implications of AR variants in …

… androgen-independent prostate cancer grows in the absence of testicular androgens
and prostatic … The maintenance of AR in androgen-independent prostate cancer is further …

… implications for treatment strategies targeting sources of androgens exogenous to the
prostate versus ‘intracrine’ sources within the prostatic tumor. Moreover, increased expression of …

… Incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in different areas of the world [5] … However,
undoubtedly, the mechanisms leading to AIPC even without consideration of the most recent …

… of AR coregulators in different tissues or in pathological conditions. Clinical studies examining
expression levels of different coregulators in histological samples such as prostate cancer …

… Although it is clear that prostate cancer is exquisitely … prostate cancer growth becomes
androgen indifferent at higher concentrations. The most likely mechanism for this loss of androgen …