… node structure disruption) have been reported [48, 49], suggesting that direct SARS-CoV-2
cytotoxicity in lymphatic organs may impair the adaptive immune response in COVID-19. …

… Additionally, the precise immune cell signatures that … on the immune dysregulation caused
by COVID-19 and highlight … our understanding of COVID-19 and its immune pathogenesis. …

… The dissection of immune response to COVID-19 in children … that respiratory symptoms
of COVID-19 are extremely … Here we will review our current knowledge of COVID-19 and …

… pathophysiological studies of COVID-19. Interestingly, T cell numbers are negatively correlated
with the serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α concentrations (Diao et al., 2020). Both Th …

… underlying the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is vital for the identification … pathophysiology
of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We describe the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the immune …

… Severe COVID-19 disease is associated with high and … strong innate immune response due
to trained immunity (secondary … Studies describing immune-pathogenesis in COVID-19 are …

… Several studies indicate that inadequate adaptive immunity can also contribute to poor
outcomes in COVID-19, with CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphopenia representing typical features of the …

… ), the infectious agent that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has spread … immune
evasion, and transmission within different human populations. We also looked at which immune …

… and persistence of immune protection. In contrast, the role of the innate immune response
to the … This overview focuses on the innate immune response to COVID-19 infection, with an …

… , activated immune cells must be removed to prevent hyperactivation of the immune system
… with severe COVID-19 is a consequence of the hyperactivated immune system rather than of …