… this coronavirus, COVID-19. In this paper, we will focus on the main virus-based and host-based
targets … In principle, all CoV enzymes and proteins involved in viral replication and the …

… pathogenesis of COVID-19. Both the virus and host factors are potential targets for antiviral
… therapeutic strategies of COVID-19 have been classified into “target virus” and “target host” …

… targets for antiviral activity: spike (S) protein, the main viral protease (M Pro ), and RNA-dependent
RNA polymerase (RdRp). Aspects of these targets … -CoV-2 targets. Listed are the main …

… Vaccines are urgently needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) …
viral elements are used in COVID-19 vaccine candidates, why they might act as good targets …

… Viral entry is dependent on the attachment and fusion of viral membrane with plasma … this
review and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is the role of lipid rafts in viral entry into the host …

… COVID-19 and other infectious diseases with regard to drug repurposing strategies, pan-coronavirus
drug targets, in … for these viral targets at various stages of the viral life cycle (Fig. 2). …

… The causative virus of COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 virus is a part Betacoronavirus
subfamily and is believed to have crossed the species barrier to infect humans due to zoonotic …

… Although the exact role of liver injury in COVID-19 development remained under discussion,
67 viral infection-induced elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine …

… Thus, this review aimed to focus on the most promising therapeutic targets being repurposed
against COVID-19 and viral elements that are used in COVID-19 vaccine candidates. …

… Accordingly, numerous drug targets are identified by scientists. Among … targets for COVID-19,
and highlights antiviral strategies which depend on molecular interactions between viral …