… High birefringence and low confinement loss can be … , high nonlinearity and low confinement
loss can be achieved … Optimum parameters are selected to make sure that the fiber is …

… with a conventional single-mode fiber. However, the confinement loss tends to increase in a
… large effective area greater than 100 µm2 and a low confinement loss less than 0.01 dB/km. …

… In conclusion, an ultrahigh birefringent PCF with ultralow confinement loss has been designed
and analyzed. Ultrahigh birefringence and ultralow confinement loss of the PCF can be …

… -guiding photonic crystal fiber with low confinement loss is … index, birefringence and
confinement loss, are investigated. … of 1.55 μm, and a low confinement loss on the order of 10 −6 …

… Crystal Fibers (PCFs) is investigated in view of their unique properties of light guidance. This
study includes a comparison of confinement loss … to reduce the confinement loss and have …

… in PCFs and has a key role in determining the confinement loss of the fiber. Air filling fraction
is calculated by the following equation in hexagonal lattice photonic crystal fibers [13], [14]: …

… with low confinement loss photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has … High birefringence, low
confinement loss, high nonlinearity, … However, model-2 gives more small confinement loss than …

… the highest birefringence with its confinement losses not in excess of 0.002 dB/km. When …
, the modal birefringence is as high as 0.021, and the confinement losses for x and y …

… In this paper, we propose a simple circular photonic crystal fiber (… Further, the proposed
SC-PCF has ultralow confinement loss of … area, low coupling loss, and low effective material loss. …

… on the confinement loss in hypocycloid-core Kagome hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The
… in a strong decrease in both the confinement loss and the optical power overlap between …