… effective therapeutic approaches in COVID-19. Here, we review the current understanding
of pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with COVID-19 outcome and their relationship with …

… coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by postmortem biopsies. Another report described the early
phase of the lung pathology of COVID-19 … of lungs in patients of COVID-19 with mild symptoms. …

… , in critically ill COVID-19 patients, cytokine storm and cytokine dysregulation lead to
remarkable pathological consequences. Indeed, the cytokine storm elicits immunological changes …

… cytokine storms promote the deterioration of COVID-19. Here, we outline the pathophysiological
processes through which cytokine storms … , as well as the pathophysiology of immune …

… These findings shed new insights into the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and justify the use of
… drivers of “cytokine storm syndrome” in COVID–19. Additionally, an elevated serum IL–6 was …

… Then, a cytokine storm can induce edematous, ARDS, … till now why cytokine storm induces
in only COVID-19 elderly patients… between cytokine storm in elderly patients of COVID-19 and “…

… Understanding the pathogenesis of cytokine storm will help unravel not only risk factors for
the condition but also therapeutic strategies to modulate the immune response and deliver …

… and the secretion of IL-1β in macrophages, suggesting that PAMP-PRR signaling in
macrophages may result in the release of proinflammatory cytokines in COVID-19(15). …

… The pathogenesis of pandemic coronavirus disease-2019 (… with cytokine storms and
COVID-19 severity, further data from other cohorts of COVID-19 patients must be obtained. …

… curtail the cytokine storm in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) … and cytokine data associated with
COVID-19 disease in 3939 … studies aimed at blocking proinflammatory cytokines; transfer of …