… cytokines in patients with COVID-19, suggesting the existence of cytokine storm in some …
understanding about the recognition and potential therapeutic options of CSS in COVID-19. …

… cytokine storm was first used in 2010 to describe the side effects of chimeric antigen receptor
T-cell immunotherapy … has highlighted potential clinical treatment options for cytokine storm-…

… immunotherapy as an attractive option to fight SARS-CoV-2 [Citation7–Citation9]. In this
paper, an overview of the immunotherapy … cytokine neutralization that prevents cytokine storm, …

… cytokines in response to various triggering stimuli. Moreover, hyperinflammation is of great
interest, as it is one of the main manifestations of COVID-19 infection, and the cytokine storm …

… , discuss immune dysregulation resulting in cytokine storm, and review immunomodulatory
options being studied in this disease. Therapeutic options are summarized in Table 1. …

… levels and immune-cell overactivation that can be provoked by various pathogens, autoimmune
diseases, malignancies, and immunotherapies. This syndrome has been proposed to be …

… cytokine-targeting mAbs as a treatment option for COVID-19. Thus, ADRs may impede the
choice of such immunotherapeutic … Therefore, the use of cytokine-targeting therapeutic mAbs …

… hyperproduction of several pro-inflammatory cytokines (aka ‘cytokine storm’) plays a central
… SARS-CoV-2, prevent disease progression and modulate the cytokine storm in COVID-19. …

… There is little clinical experience with cellular immunotherapy … research into valid treatment
options are multiple and … microbes potentiates the cytokine storm in polymicrobial sepsis, and …

… -T cells should be mentioned; as a modality of immunotherapy, CAR-T cell therapy is
used for … options in which the exact origin of inflammation may turn out to be less relevant [218,219]. …