Cytokine storm in COVID-19—immunopathological mechanisms, clinical considerations, and therapeutic approaches: the REPROGRAM consortium position paper

S Bhaskar, A Sinha, M Banach, S Mittoo… - Frontiers in …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
… appears important to the pathogenesis of several severe … Understanding the pathogenesis
of cytokine storm will help … of COVID-19 patients with and without the cytokine storm to …

Clinical features of cytokine storm syndrome

M Shimizu - Cytokine storm syndrome, 2019 - Springer
cytokine storm. HLH is classified as either primary (pHLH) or secondary HLH (sHLH) based
on their etiology and pathogenesis. … to recognize cytokine storm in these patients. In addition, …

Immunoregulatory therapy strategies that target cytokine storms in patients with COVID‑19

X Wang, Z He, X Zhao - Experimental and Therapeutic …, 2021 - spandidos-publications.com
… A cytokine storm is an uncontrolled, excessive immune response that contributes to the
pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). Viral infections lead to the loss of …

When does the cytokine storm begin in COVID-19 patients? A quick score to recognize it

S Cappanera, M Palumbo, SH Kwan, G Priante… - Journal of clinical …, 2021 - mdpi.com
Cytokine storm syndrome and elevated ferritin levels, considered as hyperinflammation, were
reported in severe COVID-19 patients [27]. … Ferritin could exert a pathogenic role in these …

[HTML][HTML] Hazards of the cytokine storm and cytokine-targeted therapy in patients with COVID-19

M Quirch, J Lee, S Rehman - Journal of medical Internet research, 2020 - jmir.org
… the cytokine storm response in SARS-CoV-2 and to explore the early treatment options for
patients … The pathogenesis of cytokine storm in patients who are critically ill with COVID-19 …

Cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection: The spectrum of its neurological manifestations

P Thepmankorn, J Bach, A Lasfar, X Zhao, S Souayah… - Cytokine, 2021 - Elsevier
… -CoV-2 neuroinvasion and pathogenesis, summarizes reported … In particular, identifying the
presence of cytokine storm in patients … into aberrant cytokine levels in COVID-19 patients with …

SARS-CoV-2 causes a different cytokine response compared to other cytokine storm-causing respiratory viruses in severely ill patients

M Olbei, I Hautefort, D Modos, A Treveil… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
… changing the cytokine levels from patients upon … patient data to highlight the conserved
and unique cytokine responses caused by these viruses. Our curation indicates that the cytokine

The cytokine storm and factors determining the sequence and severity of organ dysfunction in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

H Wang, S Ma - The American journal of emergency medicine, 2008 - Elsevier
… can be raised in patients with MODS: (1) the cytokine storms are the basic pathologic …
In the pathogenesis of acute lung injury/ARDS, a complex network of cytokines and other …

The signal pathways and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19

L Yang, X Xie, Z Tu, J Fu, D Xu, Y Zhou - Signal transduction and …, 2021 - nature.com
… definite alterations and pathogenic roles of individual cytokines involved in … cytokine-targeted
therapies in severe COVID-19 patients further confirmed the existence and pathogenesis of …

Specific cytokines in the inflammatory cytokine storm of patients with COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and extrapulmonary multiple-organ …

J Wang, X Yang, Y Li, J Huang, J Jiang, N Su - Virology journal, 2021 - Springer
… , extensive release of cytokines culminating in a cytokine storm, and coagulation dysfunction
contributed to the development of ARDS [2]. Compatible with this pathogenesis, we found …