… If agents that block the cytokine storm … cytokines). Monocytes were stimulated with a variety
of purified bacterial ligands and heat-killed pathogens for the release of TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-6. …

… systems consist of effector cells producing cytokines (interleukins, interferons, chemokines,
… chain reactions resulting in a massive release of cytokines. This may result in a drastic self-…

… Extending the umbrella of cytokine storm from rare diseases, … a discipline—eg, germ theory
revolutionised medicine in the late … We provide a comparison of how both germ theory and …

… cytokine storm”, a dramatic increase in cytokine concentrations. The monoclonal antibody,
TGN1412, raised serum concentrations of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines … cytokines …

… This finding can be seen confounding with the theory of cytokine storm, but further studies
in larger populations are required in order to discover the relation of COVID-19, ARDS, and …

… to cytokine storm and multi-organs failure. Thus, the use of antihistaminic medications could
result in a significant immune modulation which may help in the treatment of cytokine storm …

… cytokine storm theory; and (ii) the bradykinin storm theory. From the cytokine storm perspective,
upregulation of cytokines … The newer bradykinin storm theory stresses the importance of …

… Nevertheless, the theory of the cytokine storm is based on these data, and the case for its
presence in COVID-19 seems weak. A more appropriate conclusion would be that in …

… been proposed to treat a cytokine storm in coronavirus disease 2019 … In recent decades,
experimental therapies for cytokine storms … to the concept of cytokine storms and their treatment. …

… has been reported among patients with MERS, although the theory of cytokine storm has
been much less studied during the MERS outbreak. A study by Mahallawi et al [30] compared …