… In addition, the neighboring direction indicator … direction indicator, we propose a novel
palmprint recognition method. Extensive experiments conducted on three types of palmprint …

… a palm print to identify the more discriminative orientation and then used a group of … direction
indicators to represent the relation of these orientations. The neighboring direction indicator …

Direction-based methods are the most powerful and popular palmprint recognition methods. …
differences among different direction-based methods and explores the most discriminant …

… [37] and discriminant direction binary code (DDBC) [38] to learn palmprint features. To the
best … The numbers without any star indicator are from our experiments. Note that some results …

… Image gradient has been used as an efficient indicator of local image texture [8]. As reported
… Benefit from it, histogram of gradient directions has been widely used as a powerful image …

… In other words, o(x, y) represents the principal direction, and the corresponding \(c_{o}(x,y)\)
reflects the confidence of the principal direction. Therefore, we propose to encode and …

… palmprint recognition algorithms, we conclude with providing several potential research
directions … methods as well as the data set and performance indicators. Section 5 provides the …

… Orientation continuity is an indicator to describe the quality for good palmprint pattern … are
just like a sinusoidal-shaped wave along the direction normal to the local ridge orientation. The …

… of palmprint images, which motivate researches to propose various line direction based
methods for palmprint recognition. … direction of palmprint images. However, a number of points in …

… [13] proposed a neighbouring direction indicator (NDI) method, which encodes the relations
… latent direction code (ALDC), extracting the orientation features from the palmprint images …