… duration constraint is necessary in our problem. Without considering the duration constraint,
an … Finally, we add the duration constraints that are commonly seen in EV practices but not in …

… Electric Vehicle … time constraints, this route position will not be accepted. However, if the
insertion of a customer in a given route position still satisfies the load and total time constraints …

… electric vehicle can travel with a single recharge. The recharging time of an electric vehicle
… longer than a pre-specified duration constraint. Authors presented an optimal deployment of …

… electricity system. It is demonstrated that an optimal journey start time can increase the revenue
of commercial fleets … The time that the trip is able to start is constrained by how long the …

… electric vehicles can be used to absorb the energy during the period of high electricity
penetration and feed the electricity … the number of constraints and calculation time are higher and …

… with Time Windows (CVRPTW) [2] mixes both constraints to … operational constraints or
real-world elements, such as time-… of time and, consequently, we can assign a large time for the …

… Pure battery electric vehicles, as studied in this work, are only powered by an … , presenting
and discussing the impact of the fleet mix and the recharging constraint in our problem. …

… The fleet with the Saft battery has a higher share of constraint violations and also … fleet of
50 vehicles, the calculation time using the quadratic formulation is 819 times the calculation time …

… electric vehicle fleets with the objective of scheduling vehicle charging to maintain sufficient
fleet … additional constraints, something we will take advantage of as we extend the problem to …

… , since fleets of AVs resolve the practical limitations of today’s … SAEV fleet in a discrete-time
agent-based model, examining fleet … -range and long-range electric vehicles with Level II and …