… excited by TPA the lowest excited state of the FTCN chromophore. For the observation of
photorefractivity under two-photon excitation… processes when excited with polarized light.[29] …

… p-polarized laser beams are used, the grating is an orientational photorefractive grating and
… Beam coupling ratios rather than gain values are reported because the photorefractive gain …

… The trigonal c-axis is identical with the direction of spontaneous polarization. … ofCr 3 ÷ ions
are excited from the 4A2 ground state to the aT 2 excited state and then to the conduction band…

… ) and the birefringence due to polarization … the first excited and ground states (Δμ=μ e –μ
g , μ e : the dipole moment in the first excited state, μ g : the dipole moment in the ground state), …

… by the light polarization. For extraordinarily polarized light this quadratic component is about
2.3 times larger than that for ordinary light polarization. Thus, for example, for I = 120 GW m …

… The concentration cFe2+ of iron in the valence state 2+ is … at 477 nm for ordinarily polarized
light. This method yields an … x and are polarized either parallel (extraordinarily polarized, e-…

… DEH are photorefractive in origin is obtained from the polarization anisotropy of the FWM
signal during readout. After writing with both beams p-polarized or both beams s-polarized, one …

… The photorefractive effect has been successfully used in many … the photorefractive effect
and discuss four photorefractive … polarization of the output beams as a function of the input …

… the crystal relative to the polarization state of the electric field … and can arise from cross-polarized
beams in certain crystal … two-photon absorption or excited state absorption and, hence, …

… for excitation of ordinarily polarized light [86]. For y-cut waveguides, the maximum of TE-polarized
light is in the direction of the excited … In z-cut waveguides, two maxima of TM-polarized …