… System Model An FDD massive MIMO system where BS has Nt antennas and UE has a
single antenna is considered in this paper. OFDM with Nc subcarriers is adopted in the system. …

… SYSTEM MODEL FOR FLAT-FADING CHANNELS … In this section, we describe the system
model of an FDD 254 MIMO system … 3, since the system uses FDD, uplink and downlink 257 …

… , since the high dimensional channel matrix incurs large amount … massive MIMO system,
since the downlink CSI can be obtained via the uplink channel training by exploiting the channel …

… System Model Consider an FDD massive MIMO system, where the BS has Nt antennas and
… feedback delay in FDD massive MIMO systems,” IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 8, no. …

… Then the trained networks are tested with channels … channel estimating method for FDD
massive MIMO systems to … clusters from the received uplink channel and then mapping the …

… In order to distinguish the propagation paths of distinct users, we design the uplink training
time of users in an non-overlapping fashion. In this setting, the received signal Ymk ∈ CN×τ …

… focus on the reliable and efficient channel estimation and feedback for FDD massive MIMO.
… training techniques for FDD massive MIMO systems: Open-loop and closed-loop training …

… However, this training scheme will require the channel statistics, which the BS … the system
model including the sparse channel model and the problem formulation of FDD massive MIMO …

… because of the unacceptably high training overhead. This paper … ) spatial channel covariance
matrix Rd in massive MIMO systems that operate in the frequency division duplexing (FDD) …

… association between the uplink channel and downlink channel in FDD systems, which can
… partial channel reciprocity in FDD M-MIMO systems. From [21]–[23], MIMO channel models …