… and NR is intra-system handover. When service data transmission … network deployment and
control the CAPEX of a 5G network, … Comprehensively, the schemes above offer the 5G NR …

… Fifth Generation (5G) cellular networks are gaining popularity … of Handover (HO) events in
commercial 5G Non Standalone (… As possible future work, we plan to leverage additional data …

… In this paper, we proposed a modified vehicular handover scheme for the EPC-based non-standalone
5G networks. By investigating the dual connectivity features of the LTE-5G RAN-…

… However, most of the (handoff methods) in the literature study signalling schemes without
considering admission control constraints. Kim and Cho [4] used 2-D Markov chain to …

… 5G networks become fully deployed, the 5G non-standalone (NSA) technique allows an early
stage and accelerated use of the 5G … an alternative to inter-RAT handover. According to [6], …

… include the Standalone and Non-Standalone designs. These … However, this article mainly
focuses on the non-Standalone … in the handover process with different handover schemes. It …

… an NSA architecture for the 5G NR network. So, this work is … functioning of the proposed
non-standalone framework at the … latency caused by the hard handover and to handle the …

… measurement study on commercial 5G Non Standalone (NSA) … Mobile Network Operators
(MNOs) in Rome, Italy, to first, study … also plan to conduct more extensive studies on handovers …

… 1 demonstrates the Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G HetNet … VHO scheme designed to satisfy
the required QoS to a wide range of applications while allowing seamless handover in the 5G …

… schemes to turn the mobility challenge into an opportunity to reduce latency. We study vehicular
networks with Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G … the average number of handovers a user has …