… detection such as … detection methods robust to changes in pose and illumination. In this
paper, we deal with the latter problem: to detect spoofs under challenging illumination conditions …

… In proposed method, liveness is detected using illumination characteristics. … liveness
detection method to detect traits in face detection. This liveness detection based on illumination …

… Combining two images of a live subject (taken under different illumination conditions), we
show that implicit three-dimensional features of the subject face can be extracted highly …

… analysis for liveness detection: the process illumination. left … the clues based on the background
condition. For the videos with … condition can be easily estimated by edge detection, our …

… But DoG filtering does not detect the borders properly under bad illumination conditions. For
the classification stage, Sparse Logistic Regression Model similar to the model in Tan et al. […

… In Section 2, we introduce research about face liveness detection. Moreover, the light field
… The illuminating condition is indoor lighting. Types of spoofing attacks are listed in Table 1. …

… environmental and illumination conditions. The live subjects were asked to look like a static
by minimizing the movements and eye-blinking, while attacks were with varying motions. …

… our feature descriptor can be very robust for liveness detection. The SVM is trained to …
illumination conditions is well separated from the distribution under different illumination conditions…

… An effective scene context matching approach for the liveness detection is presented. To
cope with common changes of light conditions and slight shifts of the camera, in our approach, …

… illumination conditions; and the Replay-attack dataset [27] composed of photo and videos
under different lighting conditions … of the proposed face liveness detection method on these …