… COVID-19 and the innate and adaptive immune response against the virus. We also introduce
immunotherapeutic … The immunotherapeutic approaches for COVID-19 aim to inhibit the …

… It is timely and critical to determine if a similar AI algorithm can also be developed for
CoVid-19. Recent work in cellular immunology has uncovered that, in high-grade chronic viral …

… Symptoms of COVID-19 range from asymptomatic to fever, … treatment for COVID-19, and
immunotherapy has consistently … COVID-19 and highlight recent advances in immunotherapy …

… pneumonia to treatment with placebo or the IL-1 inhibitor anakinra, the only immunological
criterion being a plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) level higher than 25 mg l − 1 . No …

… treatment available for COVID-19. Knowledge of immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 will help
… of COVID-19 along with the potential immunotherapeutic interventions that can be targeted …

… When the coronavirus pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) emerged, concerns were also raised …
of allergen immunotherapy (AIT). The German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (…

… Overall, theCOVID-19 immunological mechanisms seem to be similar to SARS and MERS
and also to severe influenza infections. An appropriate anti-viral immune response should …

… acute respiratory distress syndrome in fatal cases of COVID-19, several disease-modifying
anti-… of COVID-19. In this Review, we discuss the immunological aspects of COVID-19 and the …

… virus (HIV), Plasmodium falciparum or the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which …

… to COVID-19 vaccination. Four SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are currently approved in the EU,
and their possible immunological … for subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). For sublingual …