… The most severe cases of COVID-19 appear to involve a pronounced immune response
phase associated with multi-organ shock after the initial viral infection. Initial clinical trials have …

… agents commonly used in clinical practice which have HDT potential, and (3) outline
developments in cellular therapy to promote clinically beneficial immunomodulation to improve …

… For fear of adverse effects, including ectopic tissue formation and tumour development,
severe cases were first considered for treatment. Two feasibility studies were performed by …

… One recent player in such an immunomodulatory strategy is the naturally occurring host …
will discuss the potential therapeutic use of HDPs and IDRs as immunomodulatory agents. …

… set of PtCs, over 300 articles with various LoE investigating immunomodulatory agents in
SARS-CoV-2 infection were … Large trials recruiting severe cases of COVID-19 are warranted. …

… agents, and, in more severe cases, by reducing or discontinuing IMiD administration. The
experts, in the context of these guidelines, also recommend antibiotic prophylaxis for all …

… We estimated the association between immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory
agent (IIA) exposure and severe COVID-19 outcomes in a population-based cohort study. …

… with immunomodulatory agents is needed. Topical immunomodulatory agents are generally
… As expected, case reports suggest an efficacy of topical therapy with tacrolimus in patients …

… This review seeks to highlight the cautions for use of immunomodulators, anticytokine, and
α4-… Severe delayed reactions can be life-threatening; a case of IFX-induced acute respiratory …

… opportunistic infections in severe COVID-19 cases. Therefore… agents that could lead to the
emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms. In conclusion, owing to their immunomodulatory …