… study, within 19 days after symptom onset, 100% of patients tested … and proliferation in patients
with COVID-19, especially in … patients with relatively high B cell levels have poor survival. …

… COVID-19 and the innate and adaptive immune response against the virus. We also introduce
immunotherapeutic … The immunotherapeutic approaches for COVID-19 aim to inhibit the …

Passive immunotherapeutics (PITs), including convalescent plasma, serum, or hyperimmune
immunoglobulin, have been of clinical importance during sudden outbreaks since the early …

… experimental models and in patients. In the … COVID-19 patients, complement genetics as a
potential clue to race differences in COVID-19 severity, options to target complement in COVID…

… TCZ appears to be an effective treatment option in patients with COVID-19 at high risk of
cytokine storm. Meanwhile, a repeated dose determination of TCZ is recommended for …

… treatments as a kind of passive immunotherapy may be appropriate to achieve COVID-19
treatment [66]. In this section, immunotherapy based on the antibody include neutralizing …

… How should the findings be applied in settings where mortality among mechanically
ventilated patients with COVID-19 is already well below that observed in the treatment arms of …

… of immunotherapy … immunotherapy agents in the era of pandemic COVID-19 despite their
various drawbacks and severe side-effects, all can all be related to the unavailable alternatives …

… been proposed immunotherapy as an attractive option to fight SARS-CoV-2 [Citation7–Citation9].
In this paper, an overview of the immunotherapy strategies for COVID-19 is presented. …

… COVID-19 patients found that all patients develop detectable antibody responses to the virus
within 19 … treatment option in COVID-19 if other treatments have failed or are not available. …