… disease prevention and drug development. Overviewing the pathomechanism of NDs, this
review incorporates systematic reviews on inflammatory cytokines … pro-inflammatory cytokines …

… inflammatory cytokines in these disorders has been complicated by their dual roles in
neuroprotection and neurodegeneration… of cytokines in neurodegenerative disorders and their …

… The pathogenic process in AD involves deposition of insoluble aggregates of Aβ, oxidative
stress, and activation of inflammatory cytokine cascades involving microglia. Activated …

… of events that can best be characterized as an inflammatory process. This cascade is
mediated at first by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1, which is overexpressed by the …

… In the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases, interleukin (IL)-1 is an essential
inflammatory cytokine, which acts as a significant key molecule in MS [24]. Levesque and co-workers …

… Moreover, it has been shown that AD patients have significantly higher amount of pro-inflammatory
cytokines like TNF-α, TGF-β and interleukin-6 (IL-6) compared to healthy individuals, …

… CNS neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. A …
inflammatory cytokine production may be an important driver in the pathogenesis of these diseases…

… Tumor necrosis factor-α is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been extensively
investigated during neurodegenerative disorders. TNF-α is predominantly expressed by …

… of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b and IL-18. These cytokines play critical roles in
… implicated their roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases. Recently, …

… inflammatory cytokines and milder clinical disease following traumatic brain injury 7 or middle
cerebral artery occlusion, suggesting a pathogenic … increased in Parkinson’s disease (PD), …