… -level fusion methods. In the proposed method, we firstly take Gabor feature as the basic
feature for finger knuckle print … score-level fusion methods, namely simple sum (SS), min …

… knuckle print (FKP), has been proposed for personal authentication with very interesting …
We then propose a score level adaptive binary fusion rule to adaptively fuse the matching …

… In this letter, we present an efficient Finger-Knuckle-Print (FKP) recognition … score level.
Before fusing, a novel normalization strategy is applied on each score and a fused score is …

… The geometrical feature of four fingers is considered a Level-1 feature, the knuckle print
of four fingers as Level-2 feature, and final level feature is palm print. The features in the …

… a new method for extracting finger knuckle print and fingernail regions, simultaneously. Here,
… and knuckle patterns. In the preprocessing step, a novel approach to isolate finger knuckle …

… algorithm using finger shape features at the score level. Soon after, Kumar and Ravikanth
proposed a peg-free finger-knuckle-print (FKP) recognition algorithm where subspace …

… [2011a] applied score level fusion on palm and knuckle print datasets. For recognition,
1D log Gabor filter and Hamming distance were considered and a satisfactory recognition …

… levels of fusion are: (a) fusion at feature extraction level, (b) fusion at the matching score level,
(c) fusion at the decision level [… examined the results of feature and matching score levels. …

… -algorithm feature level fusion as a means to improve the performance of Finger Knuckle Print
(FKP) … The biometric performance using feature level fusions under different normalization …

… level fusion and the score level fusion for finger-knuckle-print (FKP) based authentication to
improve over the individual fusion methods. The scores … fused at the fuzzy decision level. The …