… New techniques using magnetic induction (MI) can … underground MI communication channel
is provided. Based on the channel model, the MI waveguide technique for communication is …

… induction depends on how close the coils are to each other. In underground communication,
… m, which is larger than the maximum communication range of the EM wave system. Hence …

… is the challenging underground communication channel, … big impact on the communication
range and correspondingly … magnetic induction communication in wireless underground …

… Sun, “Distributed crosslayer protocol design for magnetic induction communication in
wireless underground sensor networks,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 14, no. …

… 1) First, we present a complete study to explore the interactions of key underground
communication functionalities as well as the QoS requirements of applications. 2) A cross-layer …

… The communication between sensing nodes in an underground medium is a difficult job,
and researchers have been still trying to improvise it for the last more than four decades. This …

… paper we develop a testbed for MI underground communication to evaluate the previous
theoretical results and provide the experimental platform for future MI communication research. …

… underground sensor nodes is required to form a fully connected network due to the small
underground communication … which can greatly enlarge the underground communication range …

… Magnetic induction (MI) based communication has been already investigated in various works,
mostly in the context of near-field communication … use of magnetic antennas implemented …

… magnetic induction (MI) techniques have been introduced. These techniques basically
depend upon the magnetic induction … This paper elaborates on three basic MI communication …