… As mentioned previously, meta-analytic investigations tend to have two objectives: To
estimate a mean effect size and to estimate and explain its variability. The latter is important in …

… heterogeneity. In the special setting of only two studies and in the presence of heterogeneity,
we investigate … -effects meta-analyses with priors covering plausible heterogeneity values; …

… We will investigate these statistics later in a simulation study, where we compare them with
… metaanalyses; two where IPD meta-analyses were performed and two that performed a meta-…

… Our first aim is to investigate multiple heterogeneity estimators and compare their … Our
second aim is to investigate publication bias from a new angle. Previous analyses based …

… to be compared are available in the meta-analytic data. No sample … heterogeneity which
adjusts the original suggested measure of Higgins 21 is discussed in the paper. We investigate …

… review and meta-analysis. We also investigated possible sources of heterogeneity and …
meta-analyses and meta-regressions to evaluate overall accuracy and possible reasons for …

… to investigate the worldwide prevalence and heterogeneity of … studies, and a meta-regression
to investigate the sources of vari… of heterogeneity we found on meta-regression analysis. …

… The analytical investigation therefore supports the use of α 2 >>α 1 as suggested by our four
… Motivated by our examples and our analytical investigation we will therefore explore three …

… Observed heterogeneity in the effects would warrant investigation of moderators that can
account for this variability; in the example, such a moderator would be socioeconomic status. …

In recent years, several authors have suggested there is a need for more very large or “mega-trials”
(defined in this manuscript as a trial powered to address subgroup differences/…