… neurological degeneration, we will systematically discuss the major cytokines (eg, TNFα,
IL-1β, and IL-6) that are secreted by immune cells and their impact on BBB and CNS (Figure 2). …

… of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In parkinsonism, there is evidence of chronic inflammation in
the … The involvement of peripheral nerves, with nerve fibre degeneration and regeneration is …

… Cytokines have diverse actions in the brain, some of which may facilitate either neurodegeneration …
For example, IL-1 (and other inflammatory cytokines) can cause damage to the BBB, …

… Given the mounting evidence for their role in neurodegenerative disorders and the host of
mechanisms by which they may cause neuronal degeneration, pro-inflammatory cytokines …

… for neuroprotection at least in the early stage but may change to neurotoxic subtype causing
neurodegeneration … produce neurotoxic substances such as pro-inflammatory cytokines that …

… In this review, we describe the major inflammatory cytokines involved in Wallerian
degeneration and the early phases of nerve regeneration. In particular, we focus on interleukin-1, …

… risk factors for degenerative neurological disorders. Basic … genes induced by pro-inflammatory
cytokines and other mediators … in part by pro-inflammatory cytokines, yield enhanced ROS …

… neurological diseases have been classified, on the basis of their pathogenesis, into vascular,
degenerative, inflammatory … occurs and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and …

… through the release of harmful substances such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive …
DA neuron degeneration in a feed-forward mechanism. As in other neuroinflammatory diseases, …

… Abnormal accumulation of proteinaceous materials in and around neurons is a histopathological
hallmark in the degenerative neural tissues. Amyloid-β (Aβ) protein, tau protein, alpha-…