… Advanced therapeutic studies have been carried out for targeting the spike protein in SARS-…
Designing and fabricating optical biosensors based on the receptors of SARS-CoV-2 could …

… investigated by an optical biosensing method. We found that spike protein crossed the human
brain endothelial cell barrier effectively. Additionally, spike protein passage was found in a …

… confirming the presence of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the serum of recently vaccinated
subjects, … A maximum concentration in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was detected one day after …

… on optical biosensors in SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, including fluorescence biosensors, colorimetric
biosensors… with a limit of detection of 37 nM for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Although …

… demonstrated an LOD of 1.06 fg/mL SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the linear detection range
from 2 to 32 fg/mL in 5 min. The recovery rate was found to be 80–120% in saliva samples. …

… In this study, the FO-BLI biosensor was developed to detect SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins in
artificial serum and saliva. The sandwich-based FO-BLI showed the capacity to detect ECD …

… [40] have fabricated an ACEA biosensor based on RBD of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and
have been able for discovering the anti-SARS-CoV-2 Abs by EIS technique with 0.1 μg/ml, 1.0 …

… optical techniques for quantifying the binding of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to
… To the best of our understanding, the SPR biosensor is not a conventional SPR assay, ie …

… was developed to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein [48]. The sensing
mechanism relies on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) involving gold …

… SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding was optically measured without any amplification
systems. Moreover, the specificity of the biosensor system was tested using both non-sense …