… the possible pathogenesis of SARS-… pathogenesis of COVID-19, and ultimately lead to
improvements in precise diagnosis, treatment and effective vaccine design to manage COVID-19. …

… knowledge gaps in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 that will be … , COVID-19 confined to the
conducting airways should be mild and treated symptomatically at home. However, COVID-19 …

… the zoonotic origin of COVID-19. Person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 infection led to
the … Extensive measures to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 have been …

… Schematic representation of COVID-19 pathogenesis and cytokine storm with possible
effects. SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; ACE2: angiotensin-…

… role in disease pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. … release in patients with severe
COVID-19, leading to lymphopenia… abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 must be elucidated …

… Coronavirus in nonhuman primates We urgently need vaccines and drug treatments for
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Even under these extreme circumstances, we must have …

… of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and the … control, the epidemic of
COVID-19 is posing a great threat for … the present understanding of COVID-19 and introduce the …

… severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐… coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19),
with a frequency ranging from 19.4% to 88% of patients. , 2 , 3 , 4 The exact pathogenesis …

… but most data suggest that severe COVID-19 results from virus-… findings in patients with
severe COVID-19 are generally more … The purpose of this review is to discuss the pathogenesis …

… 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), … Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
including etiology, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and measures of treatment of COVID-19, …