… Thus, the analysis pertaining to the TS and multicast protocols can be … the analysis in
Section III corresponding to the ES protocol. Hence, we omit the analysis pertaining to STAR-RIS …

… AoI of the STAR-RIS aided … performance than baseline schemes. Although the proposed
system sacrifices the outage probability and average AoI performance compared to STAR-RIS …

… Additionally, because RIS is an artificially constructed surface … However, since RIS elements
are passive in nature and … the error performance of an RIS-aided IBFD STAR communication …

… performance analysis of the simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent
surface (STAR-RIS) … To characterize the performance of secure transmission, we derive …

… performance of the STAR-RIS-NOMA network considering the subsurface mutual interference
within the RIS … networks: Performance analysis,” IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 8, no. 7, pp. …

… performance. … performance degradation caused by phase shift quantization is small when
the resolution is larger than 3 bits [14]. 2To investigate the maximum performance gain of STAR…

… performance of the simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface
(STAR-RIS) … users on the different sides of the STAR-RIS. Furthermore, the high signal-to-…

… performance evaluation. We begin by laying the foundation for RIS (passive, active, STAR-RIS),
and then discuss the STAR-… on STAR-RIS resource allocation and performance analysis. …

… PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS This section characterizes the statistical distributions of Xm and
Y , and derives analytical expressions for the ergodic capacity, outage probability, and SER …

… STARRISs, we consider the RIS operating in MS, where the whole number of elements of RIS
… Kim, ‘‘Wireless powered cognitive NOMAbased IoT relay networks: Performance analysis …