… at the physical layer, which efficiently provide building blocks for confidential and authenticated
data … To this end, there is a need to strengthen the protocols at the physical layer to brace …

… The goal of physical layer security (PLS) is to make use of the properties of the physical layer…
employed to provide (a) node authentication, (b) message authentication, and (c) message …

… to imperfections in the manufacturing process on the different … to this, authentication can be
ensured at the PHY layer relying … Such a framework, aka physical layer authentication (PLA), …

… In the generic model of physical layer security problem, we usually have three main … [114]
developed an array processing based directional modulation technique that not only …

… -layer processing, which significantly saves both computational complexity and processing
delay. … The PLS provides a confidential transmission by exploiting the physical-layer features …

… and signal processing to secure physical layer systems. … physical layer can support
confidentiality and authentication, … that must be addressed if physical layer security is ever to be …

… Explicitly, the process of differentiating and measuring the fingerprints of … confidential nature
of IoT data. We have conceived a physical layer security-based framework for authentication …

… layer approach that uses physical layer information to enhance encryption and authentication
… bits extracted from the physical layer channel into the key establishment process, it is possi…

… Recently, the research has been extended to authentication [… rity theory, confidentiality and
authentication in physical layer … to signal processing technologies of PHY-security, we devise …

… processing, and physical layer key generation to physical … the most targeted studies the
physical layer confidentiality is to … channel, which is defined as the secrecy capacity by Wyner [41]…