… precious metal prices to changes in geopolitical risk. It is interesting to consider all four precious
metals … and demand characteristics and so may respond to risk factors, such as GPR, in …

… of Geopolitical Risk (GPR) on the price of precious metals. … returns, the risk is termed as
political or geopolitical risk (Caldara … Although this risk may be presented here in lucid terms, the …

… whether precious metals can be used to hedge geopolitical risk (… -lag relationship between
precious metals and GPR under … Second, the relationship between GPR and precious metals …

… geopolitical risks and financial instability impact non-renewable energy and precious metals.
… -Ukrainian conflict generated by geopolitical risk with non-renewable energy and precious …

… Furthermore, we find causality from geopolitical risk to the prices of precious metals in 2002,
2004. We witnessed some terrorist attacks in several countries and 2020 in which the COVID…

… of geopolitical risk for China on precious metal … geopolitical risks in China and precious
metals prices because China is the world leader in terms of the production of precious metals. …

… risks but no study with respect to global geopolitical risks. This … turmoil with an analysis of
geopolitical risk. We find that gold … precious metals with a positive reaction to geopolitical risks …

… We find that geopolitical risk, especially geopolitical act risk, … Geopolitical risk has positive
effects on the net spillover of … on precious metal and industrial metal commodity markets. …

… EPU and GPR and the precious metals market, given that both indexes show a highly
elevated phenomenon of policy uncertainty and extreme global risks. Previous studies examined …

… metals do not seem to face any geopolitical supply risk in the medium-to-long term future ie
by 2050 because the geological reserves of these precious metals, … future geopolitical risk, it …