Observational studies continue to relate reduced circulating testosterone to cardiovascular
risk, atherosclerosis and mortality in men. The role of oestradiol as a marker for …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in both women and men. Its
pathogenesis is multifactorial, with sex hormones playing an important role. Androgens have …

Testosterone is the principal male sex hormone or androgen, which regulates sexual
characteristics and body composition. Testosterone is converted to bioactive metabolites …

The role of sex steroid hormones in modulating vascular function in men is of great
importance, given that androgen deficiency is strongly associated with common medical …

Globally, cardiovascular disease is the single largest cause of mortality. The differences in
pattern of cardiovascular disease between the two genders have not been explained …

Testosterone prescriptions have risen steadily and sharply in the USA despite a lack of clear
understanding of the relationship between androgens and cardiovascular disease. In men …

Globally, cardiovascular disease will continue causing most human deaths for the
foreseeable future. The consistent gender gap in life span of approximately 5.6 yr in all …

Additional randomized controlled trials are required to clarify the role of testosterone
supplementation in older men in the absence of pituitary or gonadal disease. Pending such …

It is becoming increasingly evident that the low serum levels of testosterone experienced by
aging men are associated with increased all-cause mortality from CHD and other vascular …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The effects of
testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, on cardiovascular risk have been of special …