Abstract Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by systemic hyper-
inflammation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure. Cytokine …

A cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory state secondary to the excessive production of
cytokines by a deregulated immune system. It manifests clinically as an influenza-like …

COVID-19 has claimed millions of lives during the last 3 years since initial cases were
reported in Wuhan, China, in 2019. Patients with COVID-19 suffer from severe pneumonia …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) is the pathogen that causes
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of 25 May 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 has …

The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes an arduous global health challenge, and the
increasing number of fatalities calls for the speedy pursuit of a remedy. This review …

Cytokine storm is an acute hyperinflammatory response that may be responsible for critical
illness in many conditions including viral infections, cancer, sepsis, and multi-organ failure …

COVID-19 infection has a heterogenous disease course; it may be asymptomatic or causes
only mild symptoms in the majority of the cases, while immunologic complications such as …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the safety of patients and
social stability. Some COVID-19 patients in the later stage of disease may develop into acute …

In patients with severe COVID‐19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple
organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and even mortality can result from cytokine storm …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus designated as severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread widely throughout the …