Despite the first ever standardization of a passive optical network (PON) that exclusively
uses an expansion in the wavelength domain rather than the time domain to enhance …

The next-generation passive optical network stage 2 (NG-PON2) effort was initiated by the
full service access network (FSAN) in 2011 to investigate on upcoming technologies …

Despite the recent standardization of TWDM PON by ITU-T, continued progress in
increasing TDM PON capacity is essential in providing per-wavelength capacity upgrades to …

The wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) is considered to
be the next evolutionary solution for a simplified and future-proofed access system that can …

The main bandwidth bottleneck in today's networks is in the access segment. To address
that bottleneck, broadband fiber access technologies such as passive optical networks …

The first family of multi-wavelength PON systems, 40-gigabit-capable capable passive
optical networks (NG-PON2), has been specified by the Telecommunication Standardization …

Time division multiplexing passive optical networks (TDM-PONs) are the most widely
deployed optical system solutions in current broadband access networks worldwide. The …

With the recent conclusion of the XGS-PON and NG-PON2 standards in the ITU-T, the fiber
access industry is now considering where to go next. This paper reviews the passive optical …

In this paper, key technologies, system proposals and future directions of next generation
passive optical networks stage 2 (NG-PON2) are reviewed. We first discuss the potential …

Passive optical networks are the most important class of fiber access systems in the world
today. This article first reviews the reasons why the PON as a general architecture is so …