Gender-affirming hormone treatment generally by cross-sex hormones is an important
strategy for transgender people to achieve the physical features affirming their experienced …

Background Cardiovascular risk is increased in transgender persons using gender-affirming
hormone therapy. To gain insight into the mechanism by which sex hormones affect …

Transgender individuals take hormone therapy (HT) for transitioning secondary sexual
characteristics, especially by transgender women assigned male at birth (AMAB). The …

Identifying metabolic and cardiovascular risks of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT)
is challenging due to other confounding variables that affect patient outcomes and the …

Background Cardiovascular (CV) implications of long-term gender affirming hormonal
treatment (GAHT) in transgender individuals still remain largely unknown. Aim To evaluate …

Objective Hormone therapy in transgender people might be associated with an increased
risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate whether the risk of CVD is …

Erythrocytosis is a well-recognized consequence of exogenous testosterone, however its
prevalence and contributions to thrombosis remain unknown in the context of gender …

Background Many transgender people undergo gender-affirming hormone therapy (HT) to
align their physical appearance with their identity. A central part of gender-affirming HT in …

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a rare side effect of hormonal therapy in
transgender persons. Prothrombotic genetic variants can increase this risk. For this reason …

Transgender men and women represent about 0.6-1.1%% of the general population.
Gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) helps ameliorate gender dysphoria and promote …