The purpose of this study is to clarify the neck injury mechanism during low speed rear
impact. Low speed rear impact tests on human volunteers were conducted using a mini-sled …

Twelve volunteers participated in the experiment under the supervision of Tsukuba
University Ethics Committee. The subjects sat on a seat mounted on a newly developed sled …

The properties of seat with head restraint are important parameters for the optimum design
of the seat system performance during rear-end impacts. The aim of this study is to verify the …

The non-physiological motions of human cervical vertebrae were analyzed in volunteer tests
for rear-end impacts and were considered to be an important parameter for neck injuries …

In an attempt to better understand the mechanism of motion of human cervical vertebrae
during low-speed impacts, the motion of the cervical vertebrae was analyzed using …

To gain a better understanding of the movement of head and cervical spine experiments
were performed on Post Mortal Test Objects (PMTO's) and volunteers. All experiments were …

Study Design. This study used rigid-body and finite-element models of forces in the cervical
spine resulting from a rear-end motor vehicle impact based on data from 26 volunteer …

To clarify the mechanism that causes injury to the neck during rear-end collisions, the neck
behavior of volunteer test subjects was carefully analyzed. As a result, stretch propagation …

Car-rear-impact-induced cervical spine injuries present a serious burden on society and, in
response, seats offering enhanced protection have been introduced. Seats are evaluated for …

Neck injuries resulting from rear-end collisions rank among the top car safety problems and
have serious implications for society. Many rear impact sled experiments with volunteers …