Life cycle assessment of a commercial rainwater harvesting system compared with a municipal water supply system

SR Ghimire, JM Johnston, WW Ingwersen… - Journal of Cleaner …, 2017 - Elsevier
Building upon previously published life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies, we
conducted an LCA of a commercial rainwater harvesting (RWH) system and compared it to a …

Life cycle assessment of rainwater harvesting system components–To determine environmentally sustainable design

ARM Rashid, MA Bhuiyan, B Pramanik… - Journal of Cleaner …, 2021 - Elsevier
There is a common perception that rainwater harvesting (RWH) is an environmentally
sustainable water supply option. This perception is not always precise for all arrangements …

Benchmarking energy consumption and CO2 emissions from rainwater‐harvesting systems: an improved method by proxy

S Ward, D Butler, FA Memon - Water and Environment Journal, 2012 - Wiley Online Library
Life cycle analyses (LCAs) show the main operational energy contribution for rainwater‐
harvesting (RWH) systems come from ultraviolet (UV) disinfection and pumping rainwater …

Life cycle assessment of domestic and agricultural rainwater harvesting systems

SR Ghimire, JM Johnston, WW Ingwersen… - … science & technology, 2014 - ACS Publications
To further understanding of the environmental implications of rainwater harvesting and its
water savings potential relative to conventional US water delivery infrastructure, we present …

Life cycle energy assessment of alternative water supply systems (9 pp)

J Stokes, A Horvath - The international journal of life cycle assessment, 2006 - Springer
Abstract Goal, Scope and Background This paper discusses the merging of methodological
aspects of two known methods into a hybrid on an application basis. Water shortages are …

Life cycle based evaluation of harvested rainwater use in toilets and for irrigation

J Devkota, H Schlachter, D Apul - Journal of cleaner Production, 2015 - Elsevier
Harvested rainwater is an alternative water source for buildings, especially for non-potable
uses such as irrigation and toilet flushing. While rainwater harvesting is perceived as a …

Life-cycle energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of a building-scale wastewater treatment and nonpotable reuse system

TP Hendrickson, MT Nguyen, M Sukardi… - … science & technology, 2015 - ACS Publications
Treatment and water reuse in decentralized systems is envisioned to play a greater role in
our future urban water infrastructure due to growing populations and uncertainty in quality …

Life cycle assessment of the City of Atlanta, Georgia's centralized water system

H Jeong, E Minne, JC Crittenden - The International Journal of Life Cycle …, 2015 - Springer
Purpose The main goal of this study was to conduct a life cycle assessment (LCA) for the
City of Atlanta's (CoA) centralized water system in order to understand the sources of the …

Life-cycle assessment of urban water provision: tool and case study in California

J Stokes, A Horvath - Journal of infrastructure systems, 2011 - ascelibrary.org
The exploration of life-cycle energy use and environmental effects from US water
infrastructure has been limited in spite of the strong connection between energy and water …

Life cycle cost assessment of a rain water harvesting system for toilet flushing

SR Ghimire, DW Watkins Jr, K Li - Water Science and Technology …, 2012 - iwaponline.com
Rain water harvesting (RWH) has gained popularity as a way of supplementing water
supplies for various purposes, including drinking, sanitation and irrigation. This paper …