Liquid crystal elastomers exhibit large reversible strain and programmable shape
transformations, enabling various applications in soft robotics, dynamic optics, and …

Dynamic control of shape can bring multifunctionality to devices. Soft materials capable of
programmable shape change require localized control of the magnitude and directionality of …

The spontaneous conversion of a flat film into a 3-D shape requires local programming of
the mechanical response. Historically, the ability to locally program the mechanical …

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are stimuli-responsive materials capable of reversible and
programmable shape change in response to an environmental stimulus. Despite the highly …

Three-dimensional structures capable of reversible changes in shape, ie, four-dimensional-
printed structures, may enable new generations of soft robotics, implantable medical …

Aligned liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are capable of undergoing large reversible shape
change in response to thermal stimuli and may act as actuators for many potential …

Liquid crystals are the basis of a pervasive technology of the modern era. Yet, as the display
market becomes commoditized, researchers in industry, government and academia are …

The ability to program the local mechanical response of liquid crystalline polymer networks
has been shown to generate complex mechanical responses. A facile two-step method to …

Soft robotics may enable many new technologies in which humans and robots physically
interact, yet the necessary high-performance soft actuators still do not exist. The optimal soft …

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) with intrinsic molecular anisotropy can be programmed
to morph shapes under external stimuli. However, it is difficult to program the position and …