Microglia play a critical role in neuropathic pain. Since upregulated Foxp3 in microglia
enhances tissue repair by resolving neuroinflammation in excitotoxin-induced neuronal …

Aims: We investigated whether miRNA (miR) 146a-5p-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) can
attenuate neuropathic pain behaviors in the rat spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathic …

Activation of CX3CR1 in microglia plays an important role in the development of neuropathic
pain. Here, we investigated whether neuropathic pain could be attenuated in spinal nerve …

Targeting microglial activation is emerging as a clinically promising drug target for
neuropathic pain treatment. Fexofenadine, a histamine receptor 1 antagonist, is a clinical …

Background The activated microglia have been reported as pillar factors in neuropathic pain
(NP) pathology, but the molecules driving pain-inducible microglial activation require further …

Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain state that usually caused by injuries in peripheral or
central nerve. Inhibition of spinal microglial response is a promising treatment of neuropathic …

Aim: To investigate whether p38 small-interfering RNA-loaded nanoparticles (p38 siRNA
NPs) attenuate spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic pain in rats by suppressing …

Neuroinflammation is one of the key mechanisms of neuropathic pain, which is primarily
mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathways in microglia. Therefore …

Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in microglia plays a decisive role in the
progress of neuropathic pain, and the inhibitor of kappa B (IκB) is a protein that blocks the …

Duloxetine (DLX) is a selective serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used
for the treatment of pain, but it has been reported to show side effects in 10–20% of patients …