Culturally modified trees (CMTs) provide unique insights into traditional knowledge and
uses of the forest ecosystems. In close relation to pre-industrial livestock herding in central …

Throughout history, people around the world have scarred, shaped, and used living trees for
cultural purposes. Because trees can live for centuries,“culturally modified trees”(CMTs) that …

The tradition to blaze trees to mark trails and boundaries is very old in northern Scandinavia.
The disappearance of culturally modified trees (ie trees with trail blazes) and changes in …

Earlier experiences taught us that it is important that landowners and people living in the
actual areas are involved and informed about what was going on. So we started by …

Detailed spatial changes in foreststructure in a central Swedish landscape were
examinedusing geographic information system techniques. First, the influence of grazing …

Culturally modified trees (CMTs) in northern forests are rare traces of past human activity
that provide unique information on past land use and the relationship between people and …

Retaining trees for conservation at final harvest is becoming increasingly common within
forestry globally, especially connected to clearcutting. The main action is to leave single …

During the last centuries, land use in Europe intensified, which has led to a drastic decrease
in the cover of semi-natural grasslands. In Sweden, much of the lost grasslands was turned …

Almost all the boreal forests in the Scandinavian peninsula have been influenced by human
societies, and, therefore, natural, original forests are very rare. In this article, the interaction …

Logging and modern forest management reduced the frequency of key features of old-
growth forest, especially old, dying and dead trees in the Scandinavian boreal forest during …