Testosterone products are prescribed to males for a variety of possible health benefits, but
causal effects are unclear. Evidence from randomized trials are difficult to obtain, particularly …

Prospective studies showed that low serum testosterone concentrations are associated with
various cardiometabolic risk factors and mortality. However, the causal nature of these …

Testosterone regulates male sexual development and body composition. In adult men,
testosterone levels exhibit a gradual decline with increasing age. Whether it is age per se or …

Context: Low testosterone levels have been associated with outcomes that reduce survival
in men. Objective: Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of …

Study design The retrospective observational design carries a substantial risk of primary
selection bias due to the nonrandom assignment of exposure (in this case, T treatment). The …

Objectives The overall study aim is to clarify the relation of endogenous sex hormones with
major health outcomes in men. This paper reports a systematic review focusing on …

Testosterone supplementation is commonly used for its effects on sexual function, bone
health and body composition, yet its effects on disease outcomes are unknown. To better …

Background Testosterone is the standard treatment for male hypogonadism, but there is
uncertainty about its cardiovascular safety due to inconsistent findings. We aimed to provide …

Lower testosterone levels in men are observationally associated with worse health, but it is
unclear whether they contribute to well-established social gradients in health. Mendelian …

Background We examined associations between two forms of testosterone therapy (TT) and
risks of seven cancers among men. Methods SEER-Medicare combines cancer registry data …