This article examines how the organizational capabilities of academic spin-off firms in new
industries are shaped by the organization of the research communities in universities from …

The increasing intertwining of academic and commercial research networks has led to
fundamental changes in the organization of modern science. Industry links not only affect the …

Spin-offs are a means of technology transfer from a parent organization that represent a
mechanism for creating jobs and new wealth. We investigated 6 of the 19 spin-offs from the …

The creation of university spin-offs and the development of its biotechnology industry are two
of the UK's and many other countries' top research-to-commercialisation priorities. Usually …

262 INSTITUTIONAL EMBEDDEDNESS OF HIGH-TECH REGIONS clusters. But what types
of network relations are most critical? Do informal personal ties and occupational relations …

The most productive (“star”) bioscientists had intellectual human capital of extraordinary
scientific and pecuniary value for some 10–15 years after Cohen and Boyer's 1973 founding …

This paper is concerned with the structural and cultural characteristics of research
organizations that influence the making of major discoveries in twentieth-century biomedical …

Spin-off companies that commercialize intellectual property are significant drivers of
innovation in Canada, where spin-offs are produced at a much higher rate per research …

In the last 20 years Canadian university produced some 1200 spin-off companies, out of
which 5–6% are still independent and quoted in the stock exchanges. This study analysed …

A significant number of academic scientists have broadened their professional interests from
contributing to the literature to making their research the basis of a firm. These scientists …