Conspicuous warning signals of unprofitable prey are a defense against visually hunting
predators. They work because predators learn to associate unprofitability with bright …

The evolutionary relationship between signals and animal senses has broad significance,
with potential consequences for speciation, and for the efficacy and honesty of biological …

A previous theoretical model involving learning psychology and game theory has suggested
how warning coloration in unprofitable prey could evolve and become stable. The model …

The initial evolution of warning signals in unprofitable prey, termed aposematism, is often
seen as a paradox because any new conspicuous mutant would be easier to detect than its …

The initial evolution of aposematic and mimetic antipredator signals is thought to be
paradoxical because such coloration is expected to increase the risk of predation before …

Understanding the early evolution of aposematic (warning) coloration has been a challenge
for scientists, as a new conspicuous morph in a population of cryptic insects would have a …

Positive frequency-dependent selection (FDS) is a selection regime where the fitness of a
phenotype increases with its frequency, and it is thought to underlie important adaptive …

Recent work on the evolution of aposematic coloration highlights the need for clear
distinctions to be drawn between both the processes involved and the selective forces …

Abstract.—This paper demonstrates that the specifics of predator avoidance learning,
information loss, and recognition errors may heavily influence the evolution of aposematism …

Animal colour patterns are a model system for understanding evolution because they are
unusually accessible for study and experimental manipulation. This is possible because …