This study attempted to explore pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in
patients with mild/moderate coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Eight pro-inflammatory (IL …

Background: SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is
recognized for the first time in Wuhan, China. The cytokine storm is a known factor causing …

Objectives Cytokine dysregulation has been proposed as one of the main culprits for severe
COVID-19 and poor prognosis. We examined the parallel presence of lymphopoietic …

There are limited data on inflammatory cytokines and chemokines; the humoral immune
response; and main clinical laboratory parameters as indicators for disease severity and …

Abnormal inflammatory mediator concentrations during SARS-CoV-2 infection may
represent disease severity. We aimed to assess plasma inflammatory mediator …

Background: Inflammatory responses have been suggested to be associated with
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study investigated the inflammatory markers …

Background and purpose Studies have shown that some cytokines in COVID‐19 patients
were elevated. This study aims to assess whether IL‐10, IL‐1β, IL‐6, MCP‐1, TNF‐α, IP‐10 …

Background: Immune dysregulation has been linked to morbidity and mortality in COVID-19
patients. Understanding the immunology of COVID-19 is critical for developing effective …

Introduction In coronavirus disease (COVID-19), inflammation takes center stage, with a
cascade of cytokines released, contributing to both inflammation and lung damage. The …

Abstract Background The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic poses a huge threat
internationally; however, the role of the host immune system in the pathogenesis of COVID …