The cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) probably play a
part in orthodontic tooth movement. Here, the force magnitudes and the area of force …

This study aimed to determine the optimum orthodontic force from a broader perspective.
Interleukin (IL)-1β levels in human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), pain intensity, and the …

This review aimed to evaluate studies on cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)
during orthodontic treatment, summarizing the regulation patterns of the most commonly …

A host-derived neutrophil-activating cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is secreted mainly by
monocytes and is considered to be important in regulating alveolar bone resorption during …

Introduction: Tooth movement has been studied largely with respect to the force required for
tipping when pressure distribution varies along the length of the periodontal ligament. But …

Introduction: The aims of this study were to determine levels of interleukins 2, 6, and 8 during
tooth movement, and test whether they differ from each other with leveling and distalization …

Structured Abstract Authors–Iwasaki LR, Chandler JR, Marx DB, Pandey JP, Nickel JC
Objectives–To investigate genetic, biologic, and mechanical factors that affect speed of …

Objectives: To investigate the effects of application of vibratory stimuli on interleukin (IL)–1β
secretion during maxillary canine distalization. Materials and Methods: Split-mouth design …

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a light continuous force and an
interrupted force with weekly reactivation on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin E2 …

INTRODUCTION: Previously, we reported fluctuation of the levels of the inflammatory
mediators interleukin-1β (ΙL-1β) and β-glucuronidase (βG) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) …