Directional Modulation (DM) techniques provide wireless communication security against
passive eavesdropping by means of specific physical layer characteristics. The original …

Directional modulation (DM), as a promising keyless physical-layer security technique, has
rapidly developed within the last decade. This technique is able to directly secure wireless …

Directional modulation (DM), as a promising physical-layer security technique, is able to
secure wireless communications by virtue of the property of its direction-dependent signal …

In this paper, metrics for assessing the performance of directional modulation (DM) physical-
layer secure wireless systems are discussed. In the paper DM systems are shown to be …

Directional modulation (DM) is an emerging technology for securing wireless
communications at the physical layer. This promising technology, unlike the conventional …

Directional modulation (DM) refers to a class of efficient techniques for enhancing the
physical layer security of wireless communications. However, conventional DM approaches …

Directional modulation and artificial noise (AN)-based methods have been widely employed
to achieve physical-layer security (PLS). However, these approaches can only achieve …

Directional modulation (DM), as an efficient secure transmission method, offers security
through its directive property and is suitability for LoP channels such as millimeter wave …

Directional modulation (DM) has been developed as a promising physical layer security
(PLS) technique for transmitting undistorted signals into a predefined direction while twisting …

Directional modulation (DM) can be regarded as a new frontier in physical layer
communication security. This new technique uses an antenna array as a spatial encryption …