Cytokines and COVID-19: friends or foes?

M Rokni, MR Hamblin, N Rezaei - Human vaccines & …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
The cytokine storm following sepsis has been proven to be an important mechanism for
triggering acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is a fatal uncontrolled systemic …

The signal pathways and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19

L Yang, X Xie, Z Tu, J Fu, D Xu, Y Zhou - Signal transduction and …, 2021 - nature.com
Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global crisis
and is more devastating than any other previous infectious disease. It has affected a …

[HTML][HTML] Cytokine storm intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia

X Sun, T Wang, D Cai, Z Hu, H Liao, L Zhi, H Wei… - Cytokine & growth factor …, 2020 - Elsevier
Clinical intervention in patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has
demonstrated a strong upregulation of cytokine production in patients who are critically ill …

Cytokine storm in COVID-19: immunopathogenesis and therapy

C Zanza, T Romenskaya, AC Manetti, F Franceschi… - Medicina, 2022 - mdpi.com
A cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory state secondary to the excessive production of
cytokines by a deregulated immune system. It manifests clinically as an influenza-like …

Role of inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients: A review on molecular mechanisms, immune functions, immunopathology and immunomodulatory drugs to …

AA Rabaan, SH Al-Ahmed, J Muhammad, A Khan… - Vaccines, 2021 - mdpi.com
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a severe pandemic of the current century. The vicious …

The role of cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections

RJ Hsu, WC Yu, GR Peng, CH Ye, SY Hu… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless
infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease …

Immune response in COVID-19: addressing a pharmacological challenge by targeting pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2

M Catanzaro, F Fagiani, M Racchi, E Corsini… - Signal transduction and …, 2020 - nature.com
To date, no vaccines or effective drugs have been approved to prevent or treat COVID-19
and the current standard care relies on supportive treatments. Therefore, based on the fast …

Diverse immunological factors influencing pathogenesis in patients with COVID-19: a review on viral dissemination, immunotherapeutic options to counter cytokine …

AA Rabaan, SH Al-Ahmed, MA Garout, AM Al-Qaaneh… - Pathogens, 2021 - mdpi.com
The pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still not fully unraveled. Though …

Targeting cytokine storm to manage patients with COVID-19: a mini-review

N Roshanravan, F Seif, A Ostadrahimi… - Archives of medical …, 2020 - Elsevier
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly spreading all over the world.
Excessive immune responses trigger life-threatening cytokine release syndrome (CRS) …

Emerging aspects of cytokine storm in COVID-19: The role of proinflammatory cytokines and therapeutic prospects

R Dharra, AK Sharma, S Datta - Cytokine, 2023 - Elsevier
COVID-19 has claimed millions of lives during the last 3 years since initial cases were
reported in Wuhan, China, in 2019. Patients with COVID-19 suffer from severe pneumonia …