This paper models a real-time warm standby system that has to accomplish a specified
amount of task by a hard deadline. The system is subject to corrective replacements (CRs) …

This paper models a hybrid standby system subject to periodic inspections and condition-
based standby mode transfers during a mission. At the beginning of the mission only one …

It is well recognized that using the hot standby redundancy provides fast restoration in the
case of failures. However the redundant elements are exposed to working stresses before …

Warm standby redundancy has been used as an effective design technique for improving
the reliability of a system while achieving the compromise between restoration cost and …

Standby redundancy is a design technique that has been widely adopted to enhance system
reliability and achieve fault tolerance in many critical applications. In this paper, we consider …

This paper considers 1-out-of-N: G warm standby (WS) systems subject to multiple-phased
mission requirements, where performance, failure behavior, operation cost, replacement …

This paper considers 1-out-of-N: G heterogeneous fault-tolerant systems that are designed
with a mix of hot and cold standby redundancies to achieve the tradeoff between restoration …

In any redundant system, the state of the standby unit is usually taken to be hot, warm or
cold. In this paper, we present a new model of a two unit standby system wherein the …

The k-out-of-n: G heterogeneous cold-standby system structure is a widely used fault-
tolerant system design method, where the sequence in which the different system elements …

For mission‐critical or safety‐critical systems, redundancy techniques are often applied to
satisfy the stringent reliability requirements of the system design. Warm standby sparing is a …