In spite of the extensive research the complex pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has
not been fully elucidated. For many years it has been thought that diabetic retinopathy …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has mainly been regarded as a microvascular disease that is
caused by hyperglycaemia and characterized by retinal vascular leakage, macular oedema …

The concept of diabetic retinopathy as a microvascular disease has evolved, in that it is now
considered a more complex diabetic complication in which neurodegeneration plays a …

Diabetic retinopathy is generally considered as a microvascular disease which develops as
a result of chronic hyperglycaemia. However, the neuronal apoptosis and reactive gliosis …

Retinal neurodegeneration plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic
retinopathy, the leading cause of preventable blindness. The hallmarks of diabetes-induced …

Normal vision depends on the normal function of retinal neurons, so vision loss in diabetes
must ultimately be explained in terms of altered neuronal function. However, to date …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the leading causes of preventable blindness, has been
considered a microcirculatory disease of the retina. However, there is emerging evidence to …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been classically considered to be a microcirculatory disease
of the retina caused by the deleterious metabolic effects of hyperglycemia per se and the …

The complex pathology of diabetic retinopathy (DR) affects both vascular and neural tissue.
The characteristics of neurodegeneration are well-described in animal models but have …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of
blindness worldwide. DR was recently defined as a neurovascular disease associated with …