Heart failure is a complex disease in which a careful clinical examination and the
measurement of cardiac function may not always be sufficient for making a correct …

Cardiac biomarkers are very important in diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of
patients with heart failure. Although not meeting all criteria for an ideal biomarker, natriuretic …

A profusion of circulating candidate biomarkers in heart failure is currently being
investigated. Although all will advance our insight into the pathophysiology of heart failure …

Heart failure is a prevalent and costly disease, and its management with polypharmacy is
complex. Commonly available biomarkers primarily help to 1) establish or refute the …

New biomarkers are being evaluated for their ability to advance the management of patients
with heart failure. Despite a large pool of interesting candidate biomarkers, besides …

The management of heart failure patients (diagnosis, treatment monitoring, assessment of
prognosis) crucially depends on the accuracy of the tools used for patient evaluation. While …

The role of biomarkers is increasingly recognized in heart failure (HF) management, for
diagnosis, prognostication, and screening of high-risk patients. Beyond natriuretic peptides …

Biomarkers are used in routine patient care to diagnose, monitor (response to treatment),
and risk stratify/prognosticate patients with heart failure. The “golden standard” biomarker …

The pathophysiology of heart failure is complex, and the list of biomarkers representing
distinct pathophysiologic pathways is growing rapidly. Other articles in this issue of the Heart …

Biomarkers, typically refer to measurable substances in the circulation, excluding genetic
markers, electrolytes, and commonly used markers for liver or kidney function. To be …