Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people are estimated to exceed 5% of the total population
of South Africa and the world. Additionally, majority of people with hearing abilities are not …

The purpose of the study is to provide a literature review of the work done on sign language
in Pakistan and the world. This study also provides a framework of an already developed …

People who have hearing loss can communicate through sign language. The sign language
will subsequently be converted into text, specifically alphabets. This paper presents the …

The deaf and mute use sign language by moving their hands, faces, and bodies to talk to
each other or normal people. Sign language is non-verbal communication, which is the …

Sign language, often termed “dactylology,” is a mode of communication for those who are
hard of hearing. With over 2.5 billion people projected to have hearing loss by 2050, there …

Sign language serves as a vital form of communication for individuals with hearing
impairments, enabling seamless interaction among those who cannot hear. It is a widely …

Hearing Impaired individuals routinely encounter limitations in their involvement in social
interactions, access to intriguing information, and participation in everyday activities, among …

Sign Language is the main communication medium among deaf and speech impaired
people. In order to express their thoughts and emotions, hand gestures are used. In Sri …

The popular methods are based on the combination of CNNs and RNNs in the sign
language translation. Recently, Transformer has also attracted the attention of researchers …

Abstract Language is the primary means of communication used by every individual. It is a
tool to express greater ideas of ideas and emotions. It shapes thoughts and carries …