Evidence for the involvement of spinal cord glia in subcutaneous formalin induced hyperalgesia in the rat
Subcutaneous (sc) injection of formalin induces a rapid and prolonged hyperalgesia across
widespread areas of the body. This hyperalgesic state involves a brain-to-spinal cord …
widespread areas of the body. This hyperalgesic state involves a brain-to-spinal cord …
Relationship between nociceptor activity, peripheral edema, spinal microglial activation and long-term hyperalgesia induced by formalin
KY Fu, AR Light, W Maixner - Neuroscience, 2000 - Elsevier
To determine whether initial nociceptive inputs caused by subcutaneous injection of formalin
into the hindpaw are necessary and/or sufficient for allodynic behavior and microglial …
into the hindpaw are necessary and/or sufficient for allodynic behavior and microglial …
Subcutaneous formalin produces centrifugal hyperalgesia at a non-injected site via the NMDA-nitric oxide cascade
EP Wiertelak, LE Furness, R Horan, J Martinez… - Brain research, 1994 - Elsevier
Previous work has demonstrated that pain facilitation can occur following injection of
subcutaneous irritants, such as formalin. Such studies have focused on apparent pain …
subcutaneous irritants, such as formalin. Such studies have focused on apparent pain …
Neurogenic and tissue-mediated components of formalin-induced edema: evidence for supraspinal regulation
H Wheeler-Aceto, A Cowan - Agents and actions, 1991 - Springer
Injection of formalin into a hind paw of rats produces localized inflammation and pain. The
nociceptive effect of formalin, recorded as flinching/shaking of the injected paw, is biphasic …
nociceptive effect of formalin, recorded as flinching/shaking of the injected paw, is biphasic …
The formalin test: characteristics and usefulness of the model
J Sawynok, XJ Liu - Reviews in analgesia, 2003 - ingentaconnect.com
The formalin test was introduced as a model of tonic pain in 1977, and has since been used
extensively in rats and mice. In rats, formalin generates an initial phase of activity (5–10 min …
extensively in rats and mice. In rats, formalin generates an initial phase of activity (5–10 min …
Blockade of spinal N-and P-type, but not L-type, calcium channels inhibits the excitability of rat dorsal horn neurones produced by subcutaneous formalin inflammation
A Diaz, AH Dickenson - Pain, 1997 - Elsevier
The effects of the intrathecal (it) administration of different voltage-sensitive calcium channel
(VSCC) blockers were studied in the formalin model of inflammation. The responses of …
(VSCC) blockers were studied in the formalin model of inflammation. The responses of …
[HTML][HTML] Long-lasting inflammation and long-term hyperalgesia after subcutaneous formalin injection into the rat hindpaw
KY Fu, AR Light, W Maixner - The Journal of Pain, 2001 - Elsevier
Subcutaneous formalin injection is widely used as a nociceptive stimulus in the rat. This
procedure evokes overt behaviors that last about 90 minutes. However, little is known about …
procedure evokes overt behaviors that last about 90 minutes. However, little is known about …
Subcutaneous formalin-induced activity of dorsal horn neurones in the rat: differential response to an intrathecal opiate administered pre or post formalin
AH Dickenson, AF Sullivan - Pain, 1987 - Elsevier
Many studies of pain and nociception use short-lasting acute stimuli which may have limited
relevance to prolonged or chronic pain states. Using extracellular single-unit recording in …
relevance to prolonged or chronic pain states. Using extracellular single-unit recording in …
Formalin-induced release of excitatory amino acids in the skin of the rat hindpaw
K Omote, T Kawamata, M Kawamata, A Namiki - Brain research, 1998 - Elsevier
Application of glutamate to skin evokes pain-related behaviors [SM Carlton, GL Hargett, RE
Coggeshall, Localization and activation of glutamate receptors in unmyelinated axons of rat …
Coggeshall, Localization and activation of glutamate receptors in unmyelinated axons of rat …
[HTML][HTML] Acute peripheral inflammation induces moderate glial activation and spinal IL-1β expression that correlates with pain behavior in the rat
SM Sweitzer, RW Colburn, M Rutkowski, JA DeLeo - Brain research, 1999 - Elsevier
Our laboratory has previously shown that glial activation and increased proinflammatory
cytokine expression are observed in the rat spinal cord following peripheral nerve injuries …
cytokine expression are observed in the rat spinal cord following peripheral nerve injuries …