There is an increasing demand for soft actuators because of their importance in soft robotics,
artificial muscles, biomimetic devices, and beyond. However, the development of soft …

Designing artificial muscle actuators with diversely complex deformation and multifunction is
crucial to the soft robots and their bioinspired applications. Herein, by combing the …

Nastic movements in plants that occur in response to environmental stimuli have inspired
many man-made shape-morphing systems. Tendril is an exemplification serving as a …

Biological systems with the capabilities of multi-stimuli response and delicate structural
changes have inspired the design of soft actuators and robots by either creating anisotropic …

Developing flexible shape changing actuators by means of 3D printing has become an
exciting research area and has been widely used in our daily life and they are expected to …

A high-performance actuator should be able to deliver large-shape deformations, fast
actuations and sensitive responses to multiple stimuli. Here, we report such an actuator …

Soft actuators have demonstrated potential in a range of applications, including soft robotics,
artificial muscles, and biomimetic devices. However, the majority of current soft actuators …

There is ever-increasing interest yet grand challenge in developing programmable
untethered soft robotics. Here we address this challenge by applying the asymmetric …

A piece of paper has many useful characteristics; it is affordable, lightweight, thin, strong,
and highly absorbent. These features allow inexpensive and flexible devices to be …

We present a printed paper actuator as a low cost, reversible and electrical actuation and
sensing method. This is a novel but easily accessible enabling technology that expands …